پهپادهای مسلح؛ چالشی نوین برای امنیت بین‌المللی و منطقه‌ای

نورمحمدی, مرتضی; اسمعیلی, مرتضی

پهپادهای مسلح؛ چالشی نوین برای امنیت بین‌المللی و منطقه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ نویسنده مسئول:دانشیار گروه روابط بین الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

² دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

گسترش به‌کارگیری پهپادهای مسلح توسط بازیگران دولتی و غیردولتی چه پیامدهایی بر امنیت بین‌المللی دارد؟ این سؤالی است که به‌تازگی ذهن بسیاری از پژوهشگران روابط بین‌الملل را متوجه خود کرده ‌است. قابلیت‌های منحصر‌به‌فرد پهپادها، مانند از بین‌بردن ریسک تلفات نیروی انسانی، امکان هدایت از فواصل دور، امکان انکار عملیات، فناوری ساده و جاسوسی، درحال معرفی این جنگ‌افزارها، به‌عنوان گزینه اصلی دولت‌ها برای «اعمال قدرت» در خارج از مرزهای خود است. پهپادها حداقل از دو طریق بر امنیت بین‌الملل تأثیر مستقیم می‌گذارند: ظهور تهدیدهای نوین بین‌المللی و تأثیر بر ظرفیت کنش‌گریِ کنش‌گران دولتی/ غیردولتی. در این پژوهش تأثیر پهپادها بر امنیت بین‌الملل در این دو سطح، تحلیل و بررسی می‌شود. همچنین باتوجه‌به نقش‌آفرینی پهپادهای مسلح در محیط امنیتی غرب‌آسیا، در این مقاله پیشنهادهای راهبردی ناظر به جنگ‌افزارهای بدون سرنشین برای دکترین دفاعی جمهوری اسلامی ایران ارائه شده ‌‌است. نتایج پژوهش نشان‌ می‌دهد ظهور و به‌کارگیری پهپادها باید ذیل حرکت نوآوری نظامی به سمت سامانه‌های خودکار و رباتیک فهم شود و ازاین‌حیث، نقش پهپادها در آینده منازعات بیش‌ازپیش برجسته‌تر خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.10255087.1399.29.1.3.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Armed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV); a New Challenge for International and Regional Security

نویسندگان [English]

morteza nourmohammadi ¹
morteza smaeli ²

¹ Corresponding Author: Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

² Master student of Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

What consequences does the expanded use of armed UAVs by state and non-state actors on international security? This is a question that has recently occupied the minds of many researchers in the field of international relations. The unique capabilities employed in UAV’s such as the power to eliminate the risks of man power casualties, the ability to direct from remote distance, the ability to deny operations, the espionage and simple technology used in them, are being considered by states to exert their power outside their boundaries. UAVs have an effect on international security in two ways: the emergence of international new threats and the intended effects on the activist capacity of state/non-state actors. This research addresses and analyses the effects of UAVs on the international security in two levels. Also, considering the role that armed UAVs play in the security environment in the West Asia, this article presents strategic proposals for unmanned weapons for IRI’s defense doctrine. The findings of the research show that the the emergence and employment of UAV’s should be understood on the basis of the way military innovation proceeds towards automatic and robotic systems, which accounts for the fact that the role of UAVs in the future of conflicts will be further highlighted.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

unmanned aerial vehicle
military technology
state conflicts
international security
non-state actors

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ایرنا، «ایران برای نخستین‌بار عملیات مشترک پهپاد و جنگنده را اجرا کرد»، 21دی ۱۳۹۷:

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