Defense Policy

Defense Policy

Ukraine crisis and its consequences on the transatlantic area (2022-2023)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Professor, International Relations, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Corresponding author: PhD student, International Relations, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran.
Abstract
The Ukraine crisis, which began in February 2022, has become another test scene for measuring the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of the interaction framework between the two sides of the Atlantic. Although this crisis is still going on and its ups and downs are not very predictable, but based on what has happened so far, this question arises: What effect has the war between Russia and Ukraine had on transatlantic political-security relations in 2022-2023? In response, the hypothesis is that: The Ukraine crisis, along with creating an opportunity to strengthen the internal cohesion of transatlantic relations, by revealing America's subservient view of Europe, intensifying the internal differences of the European Union and bringing to a dead end the previous approaches regarding security order and stability in this continent, has made the relations between the two face an ambiguous prospect. The goal is to explain how the Ukraine crisis affects the revived relations between America and Europe; And in the situation where in the shadow of Trump's legacy, the signs of mistrust between the two sides of the Atlantic are still evident. The findings of this article are that: the framework of cooperation between America and Europe in order to confront Russia is influenced by several different factors on the two levels of relations between Europe and America and relations between European governments and presents a vague perspective of transatlantic relations. The intended research method is descriptive-explanatory, The necessary theoretical basis for advancing the discussion is the theory of aggressive neo-realism.
Keywords

احدی، محمد و تنهایی، علیرضا (1393)، «تأثیر قابلیت‌های موشکی ج.ا.ایران بر سامانة دفاع موشکی ناتو در ترکیه»، فصلنامه راهبرد دفاعی، سال دوازدهم، شماره 48.
دادوند، حسین (1402)، «بحران اوکراین و تأثیر آن بر هندسه نظم جدید جهانی»، فصلنامه مطالعات جنگ، سال پنجم، شماره شانزده.
دهقانی فیروزآبادی، سید جلال (1396)، «سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران»، سمت، چاپ هشتم.
کلانتری، فتح‌الله و محمدی منفرد، حسن (1402)، «نتایج جنگ روسیه و اوکراین در شکل‌گیری نظم نوین جهانی»، فصلنامه مطالعات دفاعی استراتژیک.
کیوان حسینی، اصغر و حبیب زاده، اسدالله (1398)، «آمریکا و چالش افغانستان: از نبرد حداقلی به‌سوی واقع‌گرایی اصولی»، فصلنامه سیاست جهانی، 8(4)، 150-121.
لیتل، ریچارد (1389)، تحول در نظریه موازنه قوا، ترجمه غلامعلی چگنی زاده، تهران: موسسه فرهنگی مطالعات و تحقیقات بین‌المللی ابرار معاصر.
مرشایمر، جان (1388)، تراژدی سیاست قدرت‌های بزرگ، ترجمه غلامعلی چگنی زاده، تهران: دفتر مطالعات سیاسی و بین‌المللی.
نوروزی، پژمان و هلالات، عماد و مقومی، امیررضا (1401)، «واکاوی جنگ روسیه و اوکراین از منظر امنیت هستی شناختی»، فصلنامه مطالعات آسیای مرکزی و قفقاز، سال بیست و هشتم، شماره صدوبیست.
نیاکویی، امیر و شجاعی، امیر رهام (1402)، «واکاوی ابعاد جنگ روسیه و اوکراین از منظر واقع‌گرایی تهاجمی»، فصلنامه پژوهش‌های روابط بین‌الملل، دوره سیزدهم، شماره سه.
Blockmans, S. & Evenett, S. & Kemfert C. & Soare S.R. & Wittig, S, (2021), "The New Transatlantic Partnership",
   https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2021/number/1/article/the-new-transatlantic-partnership.html.
Bouchet, Nicolas, (2022), "The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Transatlantic Relationship", https://www.gmfus.org/download/article/21093.
Brookes, Peter, (2023), "Ukraine’s long path to victory and NATO",
  https://www.gisreportsonline.com/r/nato-ukraine-war/.
Congressional Research Service, (2023), "Russia’s War Against Ukraine: European Union Responses and U.S.-EU Relations", CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress, https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11897.
De Castro, Ricardo Borges, (2023), "Transatlantic Guardrails: Fostering sustainable EU-US relations", policy briefs, Bertelsmann Stiftung.
Deslandes, Émile Lambert, (2022), "Balancing, Bandwagoning and Power Maximization: Nato Enlargement Through the Lens of Offensive Realism", journal of military and stratrjic studies.
Durakcay, Fuya Akgul, (2023), "Hungary's position on the Russia-Ukraine war and its Impications for cooperation in the Visegrad group", Eurasian research journal ERJ, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 7-26, Autumn 2023.
Elman, Colin, (2007), "Realism", in Griffiths, Martin, International Relations for the Twenty-First Century, London: Routlege.
European Commission Report, (2022), "International trade sanctions", https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-sanctions-against-russia-following-invasion-ukraine/import-and-export-bans_en.
Fabbrini, Federico, (2022), "The war in Ukraine and the future of the EU: prospects for reform, Social policy in the European Union": state of play 2022.
Fedorova, Alla, (2023), "The Role of Fulfilling the Obligations by Ukraine under the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement within its New Status of a Candidate State for EU Membership", Charles University Law Faculty.
Garton Ash, Timothy, (2023), "Postimperial Empire: How the War in Ukraine Is Transforming Europe", Foreign Affairs, May-June 2023.
Jing, Xiaotong, (2023), "The Russia-Ukraine War and Energy Security: Impact and Policies, From a European Perspective", Highlights in Business, Economics and Management.
Lakhera, Pankaj, (2022), "A Quest for hegemony or glory: Ukraine as a battle ground between U.S.A and Russia", International Journal of Multidisciplinary e-ISSN: 2455-3085 | Vol.07 | No.07 | July 2022 | pp. 156-164.
Mendes, Flavio, (2022), "The epistemology of international politics: offensive realism and the Neorealist Scientific Research Program", Rev. Bras. Polít. Int. 65, https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329202200225.
Miliband, David, (2023), "The World Beyond Ukraine: The Survival of the West and the Demands of the Rest", Foreign Affairs, May-June 2023.
OĞUZLU, Tarık, (2023), "Making Sense of Turkey’s Foreign Policy from the Perspective of Neorealism", Uluslararasi Iliskiler, Vol. 20, No 78, 2023, pp. 59-77, DOI: 10.33458/uidergisi.1284178.
Petrenko, Ihor, (2023), "Is Ukraine's Accession to the EU a Key to Saving the West from Russia's Aggressive Policy? ",
https://agendapublica.elpais.com/noticia/18718/is-ukraine-accession-to-eu-key-to-saving-west-russia-aggressive-policy.
Qaisrani, Irfan, (2023), "A Geopolitical War in Europe: Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and its Implications", Journal of European Studies – 39/1.
Rublovskis, Raimonds, (2023), "The first year of the conflict in Ukraine: Political and military consequences for central and eastern Europe", Baltic International Academy.
Schawrarzer, Daniela, (2023), "the war in Ukraine and its challenges to European security, transatlantic relations and EU-UK cooperation", Brexit institute, working paper N.4.
Snyder, Glenn, (2001), "Mearsheimer’s World— Offensive Realism and the Struggle for Security", International Security, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Summer, 2002).
Tang, Shiping (2010), A Theory of Security Strategy for Our Time, New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
Vanhercke, Bart, (2023), "Social policy in the European Union: state of play 2022", Social policy in the European Union.
Wenhong, Li, (2023), "Russia-Ukraine Conflict manifests differences between US, Europe",
   http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/BILINGUAL/Opinions_209205/16245796.html. 
Volume 34, Issue 131 - Serial Number 2
Summer 2025
Autumn 2025
Pages 113-132

  • Receive Date 27 May 2024
  • Revise Date 01 October 2024
  • Accept Date 20 October 2025