آکوس؛ اتحادی مقوم امنیت منطقه‌ای یا ائتلافی آشوب‌ساز؟

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول: استادیار، گروه مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هرچند «اتحاد» از بعد نظری و بویژه تعاریف مربوطه، مقوله‌ای مناقشه‌‌انگیز و مجادله‌آمیز بوده؛ اما بی‌تردید هر نوع «فعال‌گرایی» در عرصه بین‌المللی، ضرورت استقبال از همکاری، اتحاد و ائتلاف در دستورکار سیاست‌خارجی را پیش می‌کشد. بر این پایه، پیمان امنیتی آکوس که میان استرالیا، بریتانیا و ایالات متحده در سپتامبر ۲۰۲۱ منعقد شد، از یک سو ملهم و متأثر از بستر تاریخی طولانی از اشتراکات امنیتی، سیاسی و تمدنی میان این سه بوده؛ و از سوی دیگر، به عنوان پاسخی ابتکاری در مواجهه با کانون‌های تهدید در منطقه آسیا – پاسفیک (بویژه چین) از سوی رهبران تلقی شده. در این نوشتار، بر مبنای روش پژوهش کیفی که از سازوکار توضیحی – تبیینی سود می‌برد، پاسخ‌یابی برای این پرسش مدنظر است که: اتحاد امنیتی میان سه دولت امریکا، بریتانیا و استرالیا درقالب پیمان آکوس (2021)، چگونه بر روند امنیتی‌سازی در منطقه آسیا – پاسیفیک تأثیرگذار بوده است؟ به نظر می‌رسد که پاسخ مربوطه در این فرضیه قابل تدقیق باشد که: پیمان آکوس به رغم برخورداری از ویژگی‌های یک اتحاد امنیتی از جمله مشارکت حداکثری سه قدرت آنگلوساکسون بر محور همکاری هسته‌ای و برخورداری از قابلیت فعال‌سازی و جذب دیگر اتحادهای امنیتی در منطقه، به دلیل نادیده‌انگاری منطق ناظر بر منع اشاعه و دامن زدن به شرایط توازن تهدید، می‌تواند از طریق تضعیف قواعد ناظر بر منع اشاعه هسته‌ای و تشدید مواضع تنش‌زای چین، منطقه را با بحران‌های جدید امنیتی مواجه نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

AUKUS: An Alliance Strengthening Regional Security or a Chaos Disruptor Coalition?

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad jamshidi 1
  • sahel Abdollahi manesh 2
1 Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Department of Regional Studies, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student, Department of Regional Studies, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Although the concept of “unity” has been a contentious and debatable issue from a theoretical perspective,particularly in terms of relevant definitions, undoubtedly any form of “activism” on the international stage necessitates a call for cooperation, alliance and coalition within the foreign policy agenda. This perspective resulted in the formation of a trilateral security Pact among three nations namely Australia,the United Kingdom and the United States in September 2021.This alliance draws inspiration from a long history of shared security, political and civilizational ties among the mentioned states.Simultaneously, it has been heralded by their leaders as an innovative response to the emerging threats in the Asia-pacific region, with a particular focus on challenges posed by China.In this article, employing the qualitative research methodology, specifically the explanatory approach, we aim to address the question: “How has the security alliance inked by the three nations of the USA, the UK and Australia, in the form of the AUKUS Treaty (2021), impacted the security landscape within the Asia-pacific region? “Our hypothesis suggests that, the AUKUS Treaty, in spite of possessing the characteristics of a security alliance,such as maximum involvement of the three Anglo-Saxon Powers in terms of nuclear cooperation, it has the capability to activate and absorb other security alliances in the region as well.However,due to the fact that the Pact has disregarded the logic of non-proliferation and triggered the balance of threats, it has undermined the regulations concerning Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and escalated China’s tension-inducing standpoint,which can confront the region with new security crises.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alliance
  • AUKUS
  • nuclear proliferation
  • the three Anglo-Saxon powers
  • China

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سیاست دفاعی
دوره 33، شماره 126 - شماره پیاپی 1
بهار 1403
تیر 1403
صفحه 174-151

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 مرداد 1403

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