تبیین نقش ظرفیت نهادی در ارتقای تاب‌آوری شهری در بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول:دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این  تحقیق با استفاده از روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی ابتدا با بررسی نظریات مختلف در حوزه نظریه‌‌های مختلف نهادگرایی و تاب‌آوری تبیین مفهومی و شاخص‌سازی یک الگوی ارزیابانه تاب‌آوری نهادمحور طراحی شد و سپس با استفاده از روش‌های کمی و با ابزار پرسشنامه این الگوی ارزیابانه در بحران زیست‌محیطی زلزله روی کلانشهر تهران مورد ارزیابی و سنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسی‌های پیمایشی حاصل از این الگو نشان داد که منطقه یک کلانشهر تهران ازمنظر رویکرد ارزیابانه نهادمحور از تاب‌آوری مطلوبی برخوردار نیست. همچنین نتایج نشان‌دهنده این است که شاخص قوانین نسبت به دیگر شاخص‌ها در وضعیت بهتری قرار دارد و درجهت رویه‌ای‌شدن این شاخص، نهادها عملکرد بهتری داشته‌اند ازطرف‌دیگر، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، نشان‌دهنده این نکته است که روابط مردم و سازمان‌ها در وضعیت نامطلوب و پایینی قرار گرفته است و ازنظر ظرفیت نهادی، اثر زیادی بر ناتاب‌آوری سامانه کلانشهر تهران در برابر بحران دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Explanation of the Institutional Capacity for Enhancing the Urban Resiliency in Environmental Crises

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Heshmati 1
  • Mohammad Solimani Mehranjani 2
  • Ahmad Zanganeh 3
  • Taher Parizadi 3
1 Corresponding Author: PhD Student in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research provides a conceptual explanation of the role played by the institutional capacity as well as an evaluative model of institution-focused resilience by studying miscellaneous views on theories on institutionalism and resilience. Then, using quantitative methods and questionnaires, this evaluative model was initially evaluated and measured on the probable earthquake in the metropolis of Tehran using analytical-descriptive methods. The results of survey studies resulted from this model showed that the 1th district of the metropolitan Tehran is far from an optimal condition in terms of an institution-focused evaluative approach to resiliency. It also shows that the rule of law index is in a better state compared with other indexes, and that the institutions have had better functioning for the former to become procedural. On the other hand, it further shows that the relationship between people and the organizations is in an undesirable state, having a great effect on the metropolitan Tehran system's unresilience against crises in terms of institutional capacity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • neo-institutionalism
  • institutional capacity
  • rural resilience
  • environmental crises
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